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(一)宾语从句的连词:
(1) 当宾语从句原为陈述句时,用that引导,但是that可以被省略。
Tom isn't a good student. The teacher told us…→
The teacher told us Tom wasn't a silly boy.老师告诉我们汤姆不是一个傻孩子。
He has given up smoking. She said…→
She said he had given up smoking.她说他已经戒烟了。
(2) 当宾语从句原为一般疑问句时,用whether或if连接,原疑问句要变化。
Is Jim a doctor? I wonder…→
I wonder whether Jim is a doctor.我想知道吉姆是否是个医生。(助动词is,移到主语Jim后)
Does she dance well? Can you tell me…→
Can you tell me if she dances well?你能告诉我她舞跳的是否好吗?(外加助动词does删除,动词dance加s)
(3) 当宾语从句原为特殊疑问句时,原疑问句要变化。
Where were you going? She asked me…→
She asked me where you were going.她问我你去哪里。(助动词were,移到主语you后)
What did he want to do? She wondered…→
She wondered what he wanted to do.她不知道他想干什么。(外加助动词did删除,动词want加ed)
(二)宾语从句的时态:
**宾语从句的时态原则上应与主句的时态保持一致。
(1) 如果主句是现在时态,宾语从句时态不受限制。
I don't know who they are talking about.我不知道他们正在谈论谁。
I have heard the window was broken by John.我已经听说窗户是被约翰打破的。
(2) 如果主句是过去的时态(包括一般过去时),宾语从句必须改用过去的某一时态(将助动词改成过去时)
He said he would kill her.他说他会杀了她。(will--would)
She told us Lucy had returned home.她告诉我们露茜已经回家去了。(has--had)
Mary was wondering who could answer the question.(can--could)
玛丽想知道谁能回答这一问题。(一般过去时)
I didn't told them where you were having the meeting.
我没有告诉他们你们正在哪儿开会。(过去进行时)
**如果宾语从句表示的是科学其理、客观事实或格言警句等,从句一律用一般现在时。
Granny told me that the earth moves around the sun.奶奶告诉我地球围绕太阳转。
She said a friend in need is a friend indeed.她说患难朋友才是真正的朋友。